Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Ta Tsawaita Takunkumin Hana Sayar da Makamai a Yankin Darfur na Sudan

NEW YORK – Kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (MDD) ya yanke shawarar tsawaita har zuwa shekara guda, takunkumin hana sayar da makamai da aka kakaba wa yankin Darfur na ƙasar Sudan. Wannan mataki na ƙarfafa takunkumin ya zo ne a lokacin da ƙasar ke fuskantar rikicin cikin gida wanda ya kwashe rayukan dubban mutane, sannan ya tilastawa miliyoyin ƙaura daga gidajensu.

Kudurin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Tsawaita Takunkumin

A cikin wani kuduri da daukacin mambobin kwamitin sulhu suka amince da shi, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yanke shawarar tsawaita har zuwa ranar 12 ga Satumba, 2026, tsarin takunkumin da aka fara kakaba a shekarar 2005. Wadannan takunkumin sun shafi daidaikun mutane biyar da aka hana tafiye-tafiye, da kuma hana shigo da makamai a yankin Darfur.

Matakin na nuna ƙudurin al’ummar duniya na ci gaba da jajircewa wajen dakile kwararar makamai da kuma tabbatar da ganin an hukunta wadanda ke da hannu wajen haddasa tashe-tashen hankula a yankin Darfur da ke fama da rikici.

Amurka Ta Goce Bayan Kudurin

Jakadan Amurka a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, John Kelley, ya bayyana cewa wannan matakin na aike da sako karara ga duk wadanda ke hannu a rikicin Sudan. Ya kara da cewa, “Wannan kuduri na aike da sako karara cewa kasashen duniya na ci gaba da jajircewa wajen dakile kwararar makamai da kuma tabbatar da ganin an hukunta wadanda ke da hannu wajen haddasa tashe-tashen hankula a Darfur.”

Duk da cewa an tsawaita takunkumin a yankin Darfur, wasu kasashe na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya sun nuna dacewar fadada takunkumin zuwa wasu yankuna na Sudan, musamman yankin Kordofan. Sai dai kasar Rasha ta nuna adawa da wannan matakin, inda ta yi amfani da kujerar ta na-ki a kwamitin sulhu na MDD don toshe shi.

Rikici a Sudan: Halin da ake Ciki a Halin Yanzu

A halin yanzu, ƙasar Sudan na fuskantar rikici mai tsanani tsakanin sojoji karkashin jagorancin Janar Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, da kuma dakarun ‘Rapid Support Forces’ (RSF) na tsohon mataimakinsa Janar Mohamed Hamdan Daglo. Rikicin da ya fara ne a watan Afrilun 2023 ya kwashe rayukan dubban mutane, sannan ya tilastawa fiye da mutane miliyan 8.5 barin gidajensu.

Yankin Darfur, wanda ke arewa maso yammacin Sudan, shi ne ya fi fama da munanan tasirin rikicin. A wannan yanki, an samu kisan kiyashi da gwagwarmayar kabilu da suka hada da hare-haren da ake kaiwa farar hula, lalata garuruwa, da kuma kwace kadarori.

Tasirin Rikicin kan Farar Hula

Rikicin ya haifar da babbar matsalar jin-kai a fadin ƙasar Sudan. Rahotanni daga kungiyoyin agaji sun nuna cewa akwai matsalar karancin abinci mai gina jiki, ruwan sha, da kuma magunguna a yankunan da ke fama da rikici. Yawancin asibitoci da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya sun lalace ko kuma an rufe su saboda tsoro.

Hukumar kula da ‘yan gudun hijira ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNHCR) ta bayyana cewa rikicin Sudan na daya daga cikin mafi girman matsalar ‘yan gudun hijira a duniya a halin yanzu. Miliyoyin mutane ne suka tsere zuwa kasashen makwabta kamar Chad, Habasha, Misira, da Afirka ta Kudu, yayin da wasu kuma suka gudu zuwa wasu yankuna a cikin ƙasar.

Kokarin Sasa da Rikicin

Duk da yunƙurin sasantawa da dama da kungiyar IGAD da kuma Larabawa suka yi, rikicin ya ci gaba da tsananta. Tattaunawar da aka yi a Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, tsakanin bangarorin biyu, ta kare ba tare da an samu wata matsaya ba. Kasar Rasha da tarayyar Turai sun yi kira ga bangarorin da suka daina fada da kuma komawa kan tattaunawar zaman lafiya.

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kuma yi kira ga dukkan bangarorin da su bada damar isar da agaji ga wadanda ke bukata. Sai dai a yawancin lokuta, bangarorin da ke fada suka hana jigilar kayayyakin agaji, wanda hakan ya kara dagula matsalar.

Tarihin Takunkumin da Aka Kakaba wa Sudan

Takunkumin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kakaba wa yankin Darfur a shekarar 2005 sun zo ne bayan rahotannin kisan kiyashi da ake yi a yankin. An zargi gwamnatin Sudan da goyon bayan mayakan da ke aikata laifukan da suka shafi bil’adama a yankin.

Wadannan takunkumin sun hada da hana shigo da makamai da kayayyaki masu amfani wajen yaki, da kuma hana wasu mutane shiga kasashen waje. An kuma sanya sunayen wasu jami’an gwamnati da shugabannin mayaka a cikin jerin mutanen da aka hana tafiye-tafiye.

Muhimmancin Tsawaita Takunkumin

Tsawaita takunkumin na nuna cewa al’ummar duniya ba ta son kwararar makamai ta ci gaba da samun hanyar shiga yankin Darfur. Masu sa ido kan harkokin Sudan suna fatan cewa wannan mataki zai taimaka wajen rage yawan makamai da ake jigilarwa zuwa yankin, wanda hakan zai rage tsananin rikicin.

Duk da haka, wasu masu fafutukar kare hakkin bil’adama sun yi kira da a kara tsananta takunkumin, musamman ma fadada su zuwa dukkan yankunan Sudan. Suna jayayya cewa rikicin ya fadada fiye da yankin Darfur kawai, don haka ya kamata a yi wani abu mai karfi don dakile kwararar makamai a duk fadin kasar.

Gagarumin Tasiri na Rikicin kan Al’ummar Sudan

Rikicin ya haifar da gagarumin tasiri kan al’ummar Sudan. A cewar rahotannin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, fiye da kashi 60 cikin 100 na al’ummar Sudan na bukatar taimakon jin-kai. Yawancin makarantu sun rufe, yayin da yara miliyan 19 suka rasa damar ci gaba da karatunsu.

Tattalin arzikin kasar ya durkushe, tare da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da kuma koma bayan samar da kayayyaki. Yawancin ma’aikata sun rasa ayyukansu, wanda hakan ya kara dagula matsalar talauci a cikin gidaje.

Kokarin Kungiyoyin Agaji

Kungiyoyin agaji na kasa da kasa kamar su Red Cross, Save the Children, da kuma Hukumar Raya Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (UNDP) suna aiki a cikin hatsarori don ba da taimako ga wadanda abin ya shafa. Sai dai galibin ayyukansu suna fuskantar cikas saboda tsadar aminci da kuma gazawar samar da isasshen kudade.

Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kaddamar da kira na neman dala biliyan 2.7 domin taimakawa mutanen Sudan, amma har ya zuwa yanzu, an samu kashi 30 cikin 100 ne kawai na kudaden da ake bukata.

Makomar Zaman Lafiya a Sudan

Duk da yunƙurin da ake yi na kawo karshen rikicin, makomar zaman lafiya a Sudan ba ta da tabbas. Masana siyasa suna jayayya cewa za a bukaci wani babban shiri na siyasa da tattalin arziki domin magance tushen rikicin.

Al’ummar duniya na sa ido kan yadda za a iya dawo da mulkin dimokuradiyya a Sudan, inda aka yi zabe na gaskiya, kuma aka tabbatar da ‘yancin ɗan adam na dukkan ‘yan ƙasar.

Tsawaita takunkumin hana sayar da makamai a yankin Darfur wani muhimmin mataki ne na ci gaba, amma ba wai kawai hakan zai kawo karshen rikicin ba. Ana bukatar ƙarin matakai na siyasa da tattalin arziki domin magance tushen rikicin da kuma gina zaman lafiya mai dorewa a Sudan.

Full credit to the original publisher: Deutsche Welle (DW) – https://www.dw.com/ha/mdd-ta-tsawaita-takunkumin-hana-sayar-da-makamai-a-darfur/a-73981918