Rikicin Ma’anar Ta’addanci a Najeriya

Kalmar “cornucopia” a al’ada tana nufin yalwa da wadata. Amma a wannan mahallin, muna amfani da kalmar “ta’addanci cornucopia” don kwatanta yadda tashin hankali da ta’addanci ke yaduwa a Najeriya. Ma’anar ta’addanci tana da rikice-rikice, saboda ra’ayoyi sun bambanta dangane da matsayin mutum na siyasa.

Ma’anoni Daban-Daban na Ta’addanci

Majalisar Tsaro ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (2004) ta ayyana ta’addanci a matsayin duk wani tashin hankali da aka yi niyya don tsoratar da jama’a ko tilasta wa gwamnatoci. Alex P. Schmid a cikin littafinsa The Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research (2011) ya jaddada tasirin ta’addanci a hankali ta hanyar maimaita tashin hankali. Yayin da Noam Chomsky a cikin littafinsa The Myth of American Idealism (2024) ya soki ma’anar ta’addanci ta yau da kullun ta hanyar nuna cewa za a iya danganta wasu manyan kasashe kamar Amurka da shi.

Munafunci a Ma’anar Ta’addanci

Hujjar Chomsky ta nuna abubuwa uku masu mahimmanci:

• Amurka da kawayenta sau da yawa suna aiki ba bisa ka’ida ba game da amfani da karfi
• Su na adawa da ikon Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya game da ayyukan soja
• Amfani da babban karfin soja don murkushe abokan gaba

Wadannan abubuwan sun bayyana a fili a yakin Israel da Hamas (2023-yanzu) da kuma mamayar Rasha ta Ukraine (2022-yanzu).

Mahallin Najeriya

A Najeriya, ta’addanci ya kunshi:

• Tashin hankali mai tsanani ga fararen hula
• Dabarun kisan kare dangi
• Korar mutane da kwace filaye
• Shafe al’adu da tarihi

Najeriya tana fuskantar matsalar ta’addanci mai sarkakiya inda tayar da kayar baya – wanda ke da alaƙa da yaƙin da ba a sani ba, hare-hare marasa tsari, da tilastawa mutanen yankin – ya zama ruwan dare. Layin da ke tsakanin tayar da kayar baya da ta’addanci ya zama dole, yana sa bambance-bambancen ma’ana ya zama na ilimi kawai.

Yanayin Ta’addanci a Duniya

Yanayin ta’addanci mara iyaka ya bayyana ta hanyar hare-hare da yawa a duniya:

Shahararrun Hare-haren Ta’addanci

Rikicin Ta’addanci a Najeriya

Najeriya tana cikin kasashe 10 da suka fi fama da ta’addanci a cikin Indeksin Ta’addanci na Duniya na 2025, tare da Afghanistan, Siriya, da Somalia. Asarar rayuka tana da ban tsoro:

• 50,252 mutuwa tsakanin 2006-2021 (National Library of Medicine)
• Fiye da 100,000 mutuwa da aka dangana ga Boko Haram da ISWAP
• Kimanin mutane miliyan 2 sun rasa matsugunansu

Kungiyoyin Ta’addanci da ke Aiki a Najeriya

Kungiyoyin ta’addanci da yawa suna ci gaba da aiki:

• Boko Haram
• Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP)
• Ansaru
• Lakurawa

Wadannan kungiyoyin sun fi yin aiki a arewacin Najeriya, yayin da kudancin kasar ke fuskantar barazana daga kungiyoyin garkuwa da mutane, ‘yan fashi, da kuma kungiyoyin ‘yan aware.

Kalubalen Yaki da Ta’addanci

Kokarin Najeriya na yaki da ta’addanci yana fuskantar matsaloli masu yawa:

• Wahalar hana duk wani harin ta’addanci
• Matsalolin hadin kai tsakanin dakarun tsaro
• Shirye-shiryen gyara ‘yan ta’adda da ke haifar da cece-kuce
• Rashin nasarar aikin hadin gwiwar sojojin kasashe daban-daban

Sashe na 14 na Kundin Tsarin Mulki na Najeriya na 1999 ya tanadi cewa “tsaro da jin dadin jama’a su zama babban manufar gwamnati.” Duk da haka, neman dabarun yaki da ta’addanci mai inganci ya kasance mai wuya.

Hanyar Ci Gaba

Duk da cewa babu wata hanya guda, amma tsare-tsare mai zurfi ya kamata ya hada da:

• Ingantaccen tattara bayanai da raba su
• Kara hadin kai na yanki
• Magance tushen radadin ‘yan ta’adda
• Karfafa tsarin shari’a game da laifukan ta’addanci
• Kare al’ummomi masu rauni

Yayin da Najeriya ke ci gaba da fuskantar wannan rikicin ta’addanci, bukatar samun mafita mai inganci yana karuwa kowace rana. Kasar ba za ta iya yin sakaci ba yayin da ‘yan kasa ke shan wahala.

Ojumu shine Babban Abokin Hulda a Balliol Myers LP, kamfanin lauyoyi da masu ba da shawara kan dabarun a Legas, Najeriya, kuma marubucin littafi mai suna The Dynamic Intersections of Economics, Foreign Relations, Jurisprudence and National Development (2023).

Cikakken daraja ga mai wallafa na asali: The Guardian Nigeria